Content of review 1, reviewed on April 30, 2020

title: "Predictors of Mortality in Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia" Comment: Staphylococcus aureus is written italically as Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract section: 1- "Summary: Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is an important infection with an incidence rate ranging from 20 to 50 cases/100,000 population per year. Between 10% and 30% of these patients will die from SAB. Comparatively, this accounts for a greater number of deaths than for AIDS, tuberculosis, and viral hepatitis combined. Multiple factors influence outcomes for SAB patients". Comment: Comparatively, this accounts for a greater number of deaths than for AIDS, tuberculosis, fungal aflatoxins and viral hepatitis combined. ( Aflatoxins may caused outbreaks, the last one accoure in 2004have been repoted worldwide).

2- "Although antibiotic resistance may be associated with increased mortality, questions remain as to whether this reflects pathogen-specific factors or poorer responses to antibiotic therapy, namely, vancomycin". Comment: Although bacterial antibiotic resistance may be associated. ( antibiotics are chemical agents used for getting kill or inhibition any microbe with very broad term, while antibacterial that destroys bacteria or suppresses their growth or their ability to reproduce).

3- Aims of this abstract is mysterious, should found in the end of abstract

Introduction section: 4- Host Factors (including age, gender, ethnicity, comorbidities, socioeconomic status, and immune status) represent physiological factors should present in short items and focus on bacterial factors as the main reason of SAB.

5- Age is the most consistent and strongest predictor of all-cause and infection-related 30-day mortality, with the majority of SAB cohort studies using multivariate analysis, confirming age as an independent predictor of mortality (Table 1). In one of the largest population-based studies (n = 9,001), where MRSA-B episodes were linked with death certificates to obtain all-cause 30-day mortality rates (155), the mortality rate was found to increase from 6% in young individuals (<15 years old) to 57% in adults older than 85 years of age. Comment: adults older than 85 years of age and young individuals (<15 years old), they are prone to mortality for many reasons because of the weak their immune system.

6- There are no evidence that gender and ethnicity reasons of mortality by SAB.

7- Socioeconomic status (SES) is known to impact a patient's infection risk (10). For SAB, an inverse relationship exists between incidence and SES, with the lowest rates found for the least deprived economic strata than for the most deprived strata (16 and 21.3/100,000, respectively; P < 0.01). Comment: an inverse relationship exists between mortality by any disease or any infection , with the lowest rates found for the least deprived economic strata than for the most deprived strata because of the weak their immune system.

8- Immune Status : Comment: There is no evidence that the immune status is the main cased of mortality by SAB in particular case, because the immune statuse caused general weakness in the body towards any infection or disease. Also, the pre-exposure to any injury lead to produced antibody as action of humeral immunity not only in condition of SAB.

9- Presence of Comorbidities: Comment: There is no evidence that the Presence of Comorbidities is the main cased of mortality by SAB in particular case, because the Presence of Comorbidities caused general weakness in the body towards any infection or disease and reduced immune system.

10- Tables 1:" Summary of studies that have examined the impact of age on mortality in cases of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia". Comment: Age factor was not a complete guide lead to mortality by SAB, because all mentioned above factors(age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and immune status and pathogens ) must be studied in the same infected persons that infected by SAB.

11- Shock/Sepsis and Severity of Illness: "The presence of sepsis or shock, although definitions vary slightly between studies, is strongly associated with worse outcomes for patients with SAB". Comment: Bacteremia and sepsis are often used interchangeably: however, they are different terms. Bacteremia is a term referring to the presence of bacteria inside an individual’s blood. In some situations, bacteremia doesn’t cause any symptoms and doesn’t necessarily represent a major danger to the afflicted. For example, there are likely bacteria released locally into the bloodstream each time we brush our teeth.Sepsis is a clinical condition involving bacteria in the blood as well, which is why it is commonly confused with bacteremia. However, sepsis also has a clinical component and involves inflammation of the body with a range of other symptoms, such as fever, confusion and rapid breathing.

12- Tables 1,2,3, and 4 having brief terms inside the tables. Comment: Abbreviation terms is a common mistake because it is not clear to the reader.

Conclusion section: 13- Comment: This paper does not contain a conclusion of what was reviewed.

References section: 14- Comment: Used a number of old references, can replaced with an updated one.

Source

    © 2020 the Reviewer.

References

    J., v. H. S., O., J. S., L., V. V., A., E. B., L., P. D., B., G. I. Predictors of Mortality in Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia. Clinical Microbiology Reviews.