There are a number of studies suggesting race differences in volubility to the effect of risk and protective factors. The study has used data from the 2012 National Survey of Drug Use and Health and applied , multivariate logistic regression models were estimated to determine which factors were associated with an increased risk of POM. Results show that Blacks (6.08 %) have the highest prevalence rate of adolescent POM and risk factors vary by race/ethnicity. These findings are important in that they enhance the ability of prescribers to identify high-risk adolescent patients and help to make prevention interventions more culturally relevant.

The following manuscript was published in 1998 and showed that problem behavior theory and social interactions theory may be more relevant for White youth and than Black youth, and Black youth may require other models may be necessary to explain high-risk behaviors.

Doljanac RF, Zimmerman MA. Psychosocial factors and high-risk sexual behavior: race differences among urban adolescents. J Behav Med. 1998 Oct;21(5):451-67.