Objective: Given the strong association between a history of childhood maltreatment and somatic symptoms, identification of therapeutically modifiable intervention targets is warranted. Alexithymia, or difficulty identifying and describing emotions, may be playing an important role. The present study examined contributions of alexithymia and childhood maltreatment as related to somatic symptoms. Method: Participants (N = 447) completed measures of childhood maltreatment, alexithymia, and somatic symptoms. Two three-step hierarchical linear regressions were conducted to examine the unique contribution of alexithymia after accounting for demographic characteristics and childhood maltreatment. The first regression utilized total scores, and the second explored five domains of childhood maltreatment, a trauma validity index, and three domains of alexithymia. Results: In the first linear regression, childhood maltreatment and alexithymia were significantly associated with higher somatic symptoms. In the second linear regression, childhood maltreatment and alexithymia both significantly added to the model; however, only emotional abuse was significantly associated with somatic symptoms. Conclusions: In line with previous research, childhood maltreatment and alexithymia are associated with somatic symptoms. Given specific domains of alexithymia were nonsignificant in this relationship, it appears no single aspect of alexithymia is of greater importance. Future research should examine these associations longitudinally, as improving alexithymia may help improve outcomes in individuals with childhood maltreatment history experiencing somatic symptoms.Clinical Impact Statement Many individuals who have experienced childhood maltreatment report somatic symptoms. Both have been associated with alexithymia, the inability to identify or describe emotions. Understanding which types of maltreatment or alexithymia contribute most to somatic symptoms is less clear. This study examined how specific types of childhood maltreatment and alexithymia relate to somatic symptoms. Overall childhood maltreatment and alexithymia were related to greater somatic symptoms and when specific types were examined, only emotional abuse was associated with somatic symptoms. These findings indicate individuals with a history of emotional abuse in particular experience increased somatic symptoms, as do those with alexithymia.